"はる" meaning in All languages combined

See はる on Wiktionary

Suffix [Japanese]

Head templates: {{ja-pos|suffix}} はる • (-haru) Forms: -haru [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], はら [imperfective], hara [imperfective], はり [continuative], hari [continuative], はる [terminative], haru [terminative], はる [attributive], haru [attributive], はれ [hypothetical], hare [hypothetical], はれ [imperative], hare [imperative], - [passive], - [causative], - [potential], - [volitional], はらへん [negative], はれへん [negative], はらん [negative], harahen [negative], harehen [negative], haran [negative], - [continuative, negative], はります [formal], harimasu [formal], はった [perfective], hatta [perfective], はって [conjunctive], hatte [conjunctive], はれば [conditional, hypothetical], はったら [conditional, hypothetical], hareba [conditional, hypothetical], hattara [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. (Kansai) verbal suffix expressing respect to subject of verb; X-a-haru is equivalent to standard o-X-i ni naru. Wikipedia link: Kansai dialect Tags: Kansai, morpheme

Alternative forms

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-haru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hare",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hare",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はらへん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はれへん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はらん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harahen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harehen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haran",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hatta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hatte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はったら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hareba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hattara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "はる • (-haru)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "redirects": [
    "春",
    "張る",
    "貼る",
    "暖"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kansai Japanese",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Hijikata-han, yer so cool and handsome!",
          "ref": "2005 August 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん) 外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Hijikata-hantte nimaime yashi kūru yashi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "土",
              "ひじ"
            ],
            [
              "方",
              "かた"
            ],
            [
              "二",
              "に"
            ],
            [
              "枚",
              "まい"
            ],
            [
              "目",
              "め"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "土方はんって 二枚目やしクールやし",
          "translation": "Hijikata-han, yer so cool and handsome!",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              2,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Ah bet yer very popular with the ladies! Ain’tcha?",
          "ref": "2005 August 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん) 外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Sazo moteharun desho?",
          "text": "さぞモテはるんでしょ?",
          "translation": "Ah bet yer very popular with the ladies! Ain’tcha?",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "Nah, not really",
          "ref": "2005 August 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん) 外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Sō demo nē yo",
          "text": "そうでもねーよ",
          "translation": "Nah, not really",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "No waaay~ I don’t believe that",
          "ref": "2005 August 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん) 外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Iyayawa~ uso bakkari",
          "text": "いややわ〰ウソばっかり",
          "translation": "No waaay~ I don’t believe that",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "Hijikata-han, Hijikata-han",
          "ref": "2005 August 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん) 外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Hijikata-han Hijikata-han",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "土",
              "ひじ"
            ],
            [
              "方",
              "かた"
            ],
            [
              "土",
              "ひじ"
            ],
            [
              "方",
              "かた"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "土方はん 土方はん",
          "translation": "Hijikata-han, Hijikata-han",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              15,
              27
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Eh? Whatcha eatin’ there?",
          "ref": "2005 August 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん) 外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Are? Sore nani tabete harun?",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "何",
              "なに"
            ],
            [
              "食",
              "た"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "アレ?それ 何食べてはるん?",
          "translation": "Eh? Whatcha eatin’ there?",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "Ochazuke Hijikata Special. Want some?",
          "ref": "2005 August 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん) 外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Ochazuke Hijikata Supesharu da Kuu ka?",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "茶",
              "ちゃ"
            ],
            [
              "土",
              "ひじ"
            ],
            [
              "方",
              "かた"
            ],
            [
              "食",
              "く"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "お茶づけ土方スペシャルだ 食うか?",
          "translation": "Ochazuke Hijikata Special. Want some?",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "verbal suffix expressing respect to subject of verb; X-a-haru is equivalent to standard o-X-i ni naru."
      ],
      "id": "en-はる-ja-suffix-r5wSOguu",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Kansai) verbal suffix expressing respect to subject of verb; X-a-haru is equivalent to standard o-X-i ni naru."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Kansai",
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Kansai dialect"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "はる"
}
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-haru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inflection-table-top",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hare",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hare",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はらへん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はれへん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はらん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harahen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harehen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haran",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hatta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hatte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "はったら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hareba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hattara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "はる • (-haru)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "redirects": [
    "春",
    "張る",
    "貼る",
    "暖"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese hiragana",
        "Japanese lemmas",
        "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese suffixes",
        "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples",
        "Kansai Japanese",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Hijikata-han, yer so cool and handsome!",
          "ref": "2005 August 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん) 外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Hijikata-hantte nimaime yashi kūru yashi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "土",
              "ひじ"
            ],
            [
              "方",
              "かた"
            ],
            [
              "二",
              "に"
            ],
            [
              "枚",
              "まい"
            ],
            [
              "目",
              "め"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "土方はんって 二枚目やしクールやし",
          "translation": "Hijikata-han, yer so cool and handsome!",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              2,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Ah bet yer very popular with the ladies! Ain’tcha?",
          "ref": "2005 August 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん) 外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Sazo moteharun desho?",
          "text": "さぞモテはるんでしょ?",
          "translation": "Ah bet yer very popular with the ladies! Ain’tcha?",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "Nah, not really",
          "ref": "2005 August 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん) 外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Sō demo nē yo",
          "text": "そうでもねーよ",
          "translation": "Nah, not really",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "No waaay~ I don’t believe that",
          "ref": "2005 August 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん) 外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Iyayawa~ uso bakkari",
          "text": "いややわ〰ウソばっかり",
          "translation": "No waaay~ I don’t believe that",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "Hijikata-han, Hijikata-han",
          "ref": "2005 August 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん) 外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Hijikata-han Hijikata-han",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "土",
              "ひじ"
            ],
            [
              "方",
              "かた"
            ],
            [
              "土",
              "ひじ"
            ],
            [
              "方",
              "かた"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "土方はん 土方はん",
          "translation": "Hijikata-han, Hijikata-han",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              15,
              27
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Eh? Whatcha eatin’ there?",
          "ref": "2005 August 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん) 外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Are? Sore nani tabete harun?",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "何",
              "なに"
            ],
            [
              "食",
              "た"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "アレ?それ 何食べてはるん?",
          "translation": "Eh? Whatcha eatin’ there?",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "Ochazuke Hijikata Special. Want some?",
          "ref": "2005 August 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん) 外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in [銀](ぎん)[魂](たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Ochazuke Hijikata Supesharu da Kuu ka?",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "茶",
              "ちゃ"
            ],
            [
              "土",
              "ひじ"
            ],
            [
              "方",
              "かた"
            ],
            [
              "食",
              "く"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "お茶づけ土方スペシャルだ 食うか?",
          "translation": "Ochazuke Hijikata Special. Want some?",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "verbal suffix expressing respect to subject of verb; X-a-haru is equivalent to standard o-X-i ni naru."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Kansai) verbal suffix expressing respect to subject of verb; X-a-haru is equivalent to standard o-X-i ni naru."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Kansai",
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Kansai dialect"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "はる"
}

Download raw JSONL data for はる meaning in All languages combined (7.5kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/328",
  "msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "はる"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "はる",
  "trace": "started on line 3, detected on line 90"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "はる"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "はる",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 90"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "はる"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "はる",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.